Python Program to Perform Matrix Addition

Posted in Python Tutorial

Updated on Jan 11, 2024

By Mari Selvan

👁️ 46 - Views

⏳ 4 mins

💬 1 Comment

Python Program to Perform Matrix Addition

Photo Credit to CodeToFun

🙋 Introduction

Matrix addition is a fundamental operation in linear algebra and computer science. It involves adding corresponding elements of two matrices to create a new matrix.

This operation is essential in various fields, including computer graphics, scientific computing, and data analysis.

In this tutorial, we'll explore a Python program that performs matrix addition.

Understanding matrix operations and implementing them in C can provide a solid foundation for more complex computations.

📄 Example

Let's delve into the Python code that achieves matrix addition.

add_matrices.py

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# Function to perform matrix addition
def add_matrices(mat1, mat2):
    result_matrix = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]

    for i in range(3):
        for j in range(3):
            result_matrix[i][j] = mat1[i][j] + mat2[i][j]

    return result_matrix

# Function to display a matrix
def display_matrix(matrix):
    for row in matrix:
        print(" ".join(str(element) for element in row))

# Sample matrices for testing
matrix1 = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
matrix2 = [[9, 8, 7], [6, 5, 4], [3, 2, 1]]

# Perform matrix addition
result_matrix = add_matrices(matrix1, matrix2)

# Displaying matrices and result
print("Matrix 1:")
display_matrix(matrix1)

print("\nMatrix 2:")
display_matrix(matrix2)

print("\nResultant Matrix:")
display_matrix(result_matrix)

💻 Testing the Program

Feel free to replace the sample matrices with your own 3x3 matrices in the code.

Output

Matrix 1:
1 2 3 
4 5 6 
7 8 9 

Matrix 2:
9 8 7 
6 5 4 
3 2 1 

Resultant Matrix:
10 10 10 
10 10 10 
10 10 10

Run the script to see the result of the matrix addition.

🧠 How the Program Works

The program defines a function add_matrices to add two matrices and a function display_matrix to display a matrix.
Sample matrices matrix1 and matrix2 are provided for testing.
The add_matrices function is called to perform the addition, and the result is stored in result_matrix.
The matrices are displayed using the display_matrix function.

🧐 Understanding the Concept of Matrix Addition

Matrix addition involves adding corresponding elements of two matrices to create a new matrix.

Given two matrices A and B, the sum C is calculated as follows:

C_ij = A_ij + B_ij.

where C_ij is the element at the i-th row and j-th column of matrix C, and A_ij and B_ij are the corresponding elements of matrices A and B.

Matrix addition is only defined for matrices of the same size; that is, they must have the same number of rows and columns.

🎢 Optimizing the Program

While the provided program is effective, there are optimizations that can be applied for larger matrices. Consider exploring techniques such as parallelization for improved performance.

Feel free to incorporate and modify this code as needed for your specific use case. Happy coding!