Python Program to perform Matrix Transpose

Posted in Python Tutorial

Updated on Oct 31, 2024

By Mari Selvan

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⏳ 4 mins

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Python Program to perform Matrix Transpose

Photo Credit to CodeToFun

🙋 Introduction

Matrix operations are fundamental in various fields of computer science and mathematics. One common operation is the transpose of a matrix.

Transposing a matrix involves swapping its rows with columns, resulting in a new matrix where the rows of the original matrix become the columns, and vice versa.

In this tutorial, we'll explore a simple yet effective Python program that performs the transpose operation on a given matrix.

Understanding and implementing matrix operations is essential for various applications, including graphics, scientific computing, and data manipulation.

📄 Example

Now, let's look at the Python code that performs matrix transpose.

transpose_matrix.py

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def transpose_matrix(matrix):
    transposed_matrix = [[matrix[j][i] for j in range(len(matrix))] for i in range(len(matrix[0]))]
    return transposed_matrix

# Driver program
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Replace these values with your matrix elements
    matrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

    # Displaying the original matrix
    print("Original Matrix:")
    for row in matrix:
        print("\t".join(map(str, row)))

    # Performing matrix transpose
    transposed_matrix = transpose_matrix(matrix)

    # Displaying the transposed matrix
    print("\nTransposed Matrix:")
    for row in transposed_matrix:
        print("\t".join(map(str, row)))

💻 Testing the Program

To test the program with a different matrix, replace the values of matrix in the if __name__ == "__main__": block.

Output

Transposed Matrix:
1       4
2       5
3       6

Run the script to see the original and transposed matrices.

🧠 How the Program Works

The program defines a function transpose_matrix that takes a matrix as input and computes the transpose of the matrix using a list comprehension.
The original and transposed matrices are then displayed.

🧐 Understanding the Concept of Matrix Transpose

Matrix transpose is a fundamental operation where the rows and columns of a matrix are swapped. If a matrix has dimensions m×n, its transpose will have dimensions n×m. The element at position (i, j) in the original matrix becomes the element at position (j,i) in the transposed matrix.