HTML Code

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>get document root</title>
</head>
<body>
  <pre id="out"></pre>
  <script>
    function getDocumentRoot() {
      return document.documentElement;
    }
    var root = getDocumentRoot();
    document.getElementById("out").textContent = root.tagName + " " + root.nodeName;
  </script>
</body>
</html>

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rootElement — safe root helper (Try It)