HTML Code

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>setAttributeNS alternative</title>
  <style>body{font-family:system-ui,sans-serif;padding:1.5rem;} svg{border:1px solid #ccc;} pre{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:0.75rem;}</style>
</head>
<body>
  <svg id="svg" width="100" height="100"><title>Icon</title></svg>
  <button id="btn">Use setAttribute / setAttributeNS</button>
  <pre id="out"></pre>
  <script>
    document.getElementById("btn").addEventListener("click", function () {
      var svg = document.getElementById("svg");
      svg.setAttribute("viewBox", "0 0 100 100");
      svg.setAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "xlink:href", "#icon");
      document.getElementById("out").textContent = JSON.stringify({
        viewBox: svg.getAttribute("viewBox"),
        href: svg.getAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink", "href")
      }, null, 2);
    });
  </script>
</body>
</html>

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Document.createAttributeNS — setAttributeNS alternative (Try It)