HTML Entity for Uppercase P Script Capital (℘)
What You'll Learn
How to display the script capital P (℘) in HTML using named entity, hexadecimal, decimal, and CSS escape methods. This character is part of the Letterlike Symbols block and is widely used in mathematics to denote the Weierstrass elliptic function. Its official Unicode name is SCRIPT CAPITAL P (U+2118).
Render it with ℘, ℘, ℘, or CSS escape \2118. The named entity ℘ is often the most readable option in HTML source. Do not confuse ℘ with plain P (U+0050), ℙ (double-struck), or Ƥ (P hook).
⚡ Quick Reference — Uppercase P Script Capital Entity
U+2118Letterlike Symbols
℘Hexadecimal reference
℘Decimal reference
℘Most readable option
Name Value
──────────── ──────────
Unicode U+2118
Hex code ℘
HTML code ℘
Named entity ℘
CSS code \2118
Meaning Script capital P (Weierstrass function)
Not the same U+0050 = P (plain uppercase)
Related U+2119 = ℙ (double-struck) U+01A4 = Ƥ (hook)
Block Letterlike Symbols (U+2100–U+214F)Complete HTML Example
A simple example showing the script capital P (℘) using hexadecimal code, decimal HTML code, the named entity, and a CSS content escape:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#point:after{
content: "\2118";
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Symbol (hex): ℘</p>
<p>Symbol (decimal): ℘</p>
<p>Symbol (named): ℘</p>
<p id="point">Symbol (CSS): </p>
</body>
</html>🌐 Browser Support
The script capital P (℘) and the named entity ℘ are supported in modern browsers when UTF-8 is used:
👀 Live Preview
See the script capital P (℘) in mathematical and typographic contexts:
🧠 How It Works
Hexadecimal Code
℘ uses the Unicode hexadecimal value 2118 to display the script capital P. The x prefix indicates hexadecimal format.
Decimal HTML Code
℘ uses the decimal Unicode value 8472 to display the same character. A common method for Letterlike Symbols.
Named Entity
℘ is the standard named entity for ℘—readable in source HTML and semantically tied to the Weierstrass elliptic function.
CSS Entity
\2118 is used in CSS stylesheets, particularly in the content property of pseudo-elements like ::before and ::after.
Same visual result
All four methods produce the glyph: ℘. Unicode U+2118 sits in Letterlike Symbols. Do not confuse with plain P (U+0050), ℙ (double-struck), or Ƥ (P hook).
Use Cases
The script capital P (℘) is commonly used in:
Weierstrass elliptic function notation in advanced mathematics and analysis.
Elliptic functions, complex variables, and related theoretical mathematics.
Research papers, theses, and journal articles in mathematics and physics.
Technical documentation involving elliptic curves and Weierstrass equations.
University courses and textbooks teaching complex analysis and elliptic functions.
Scientific blogs and online math resources that need proper ℘ rendering.
Developer guides and documentation explaining mathematical APIs involving elliptic functions.
💡 Best Practices
Do
- Use
℘in HTML when possible for readability and semantic meaning - Serve pages as UTF-8; you can also type ℘ directly in UTF-8 source
- Use math-friendly fonts (e.g. Cambria Math, STIX) for reliable script glyph display
- Distinguish ℘ from plain
P, ℙ (double-struck), and Ƥ (hook) - Pick one entity style (named, hex, or decimal) per project for consistency
Don’t
- Substitute plain
Pwhen ℘ is required for Weierstrass notation - Confuse ℘ (script P) with ℙ (double-struck) or Ƥ (P hook)
- Put CSS escape
\2118in HTML text nodes - Use
\02118in CSS—the correct escape is\2118 - Assume all fonts render Letterlike Symbols identically
Key Takeaways
Four references render ℘; named entity is most readable
℘ ℘ ℘For CSS stylesheets, use the escape in the content property
\2118Unicode U+2118 — SCRIPT CAPITAL P (Weierstrass function)
Essential for complex analysis, elliptic functions, and advanced mathematics
Previous: Uppercase P Hook (Ƥ) Next: Uppercase Q
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
℘ (named), ℘ (hex), ℘ (decimal), or \2118 in CSS content. The named entity ℘ is the most readable for HTML content.U+2118 (SCRIPT CAPITAL P). Letterlike Symbols block. Hex 2118, decimal 8472. Commonly used to denote the Weierstrass elliptic function.℘ or ℘) or the named entity ℘ is used in HTML content. The CSS entity (\2118) is used in CSS, e.g. in the content property of pseudo-elements. Both produce ℘ but in different contexts.℘. It is part of the standard HTML5 entity set and is well supported. Do not confuse with plain P (U+0050), ℙ (double-struck, U+2119), or Ƥ (P hook, U+01A4).Explore More HTML Entities!
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