HTML Entity for Up Tack Below (̝)
What You'll Learn
How to display the Up Tack Below (̝) in HTML using hexadecimal, decimal, and CSS escape methods. This character is U+031D (COMBINING UP TACK BELOW) in the Combining Diacritical Marks block (U+0300–U+036F)—a combining mark placed below a base character, used in phonetic notation (e.g. IPA), linguistic orthographies, and mathematical or logical diacritics.
Render it with ̝, ̝, or CSS escape \31D immediately after a base letter (e.g. a̝). There is no named HTML entity. For the non-combining up tack use ⊥ (U+22A5, Up Tack).
⚡ Quick Reference — Up Tack Below
U+031DCombining Diacritical Marks
̝Hexadecimal reference
̝Decimal reference
—Use numeric codes only
Name Value
──────────── ──────────
Unicode U+031D
Hex code ̝
HTML code ̝
Named entity (none)
CSS code \31D
Official name COMBINING UP TACK BELOW
Related U+22A5 = Up tack (⊥); U+031E = Down tack below
Block Combining Diacritical Marks (U+0300–U+036F)Complete HTML Example
A simple example showing ̝ with hex, decimal, and CSS content escape on a base letter (combining marks follow the character they modify):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
.comb::after {
content: "\31D";
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Up Tack Below (hex): a̝</p>
<p>Up Tack Below (decimal): a̝</p>
<p>With CSS: <span class="comb">a</span></p>
</body>
</html>🌐 Browser Support
U+031D is supported in modern browsers when rendered with a font that includes Combining Diacritical Marks:
👀 Live Preview
See the Up Tack Below (̝) with a base character:
🧠 How It Works
Hexadecimal Code
̝ uses the Unicode hexadecimal value 31D to display the Up Tack Below. Place it immediately after the base character. The x prefix indicates hexadecimal format.
Decimal HTML Code
̝ uses the decimal Unicode value 797 to display the same combining mark after a base letter.
CSS Entity
\31D is used in CSS stylesheets, particularly in the content property of pseudo-elements like ::after on a span wrapping the base character.
Combined with a base character
All three methods attach ̝ below the preceding glyph (e.g. a̝). Unicode U+031D. No named HTML entity—serve HTML as UTF-8.
Use Cases
The Up Tack Below (̝) is commonly used in:
IPA and phonetic transcription with marks below letters.
Dialect notation, language studies, and specialized orthographies.
Combining marks in mathematical or logical notation.
Specialized fonts and publishing workflows.
Language-learning sites and linguistic reference pages.
Pronunciation guides that use combining diacritics.
Academic papers and scholarly content with specialized notation.
💡 Best Practices
Do
- Use
̝or̝immediately after the base character - Pick one numeric style (hex or decimal) per project
- Add
aria-labelor explain combining marks for screen reader users - Use
\31Din CSS::afteron the base letter span - Serve pages with UTF-8 (
<meta charset="utf-8">)
Don’t
- Expect a named entity—none exists for U+031D
- Confuse ̝ (combining below) with ⊥ (up tack symbol, U+22A5)
- Use ̝ without a preceding base character in normal text
- Put CSS escape
\31Din HTML text nodes without a base glyph - Assume all fonts render combining marks correctly on every base letter
Key Takeaways
Two HTML numeric references attach ̝ below a base letter
̝ ̝For CSS stylesheets, use the escape in the content property
\31DUnicode U+031D — COMBINING UP TACK BELOW
Combining Diacritical Marks block (U+0300–U+036F)
Not the same as ⊥ (Up Tack symbol) — always pair with a base character
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
̝ (hex), ̝ (decimal), or \31D in CSS content after a base character. There is no named entity. Example: a̝ renders a with the mark below.U+031D (COMBINING UP TACK BELOW). Combining Diacritical Marks (U+0300–U+036F). Hex 31D, decimal 797. A combining character placed below a base character.̝ or ̝) go in markup right after the base character. The CSS escape \31D is used in stylesheets, typically in the content property of pseudo-elements on a wrapper span. Same visual result, different layers of the stack.Explore More HTML Entities!
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