HTML Entity for Sigma (Σ)
What You'll Learn
How to display Greek Capital Sigma (Σ) in HTML using hexadecimal, decimal, named entity, and CSS escape methods. This character is U+03A3 (GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA) in the Greek and Coptic block (U+0370–U+03FF)—essential for mathematics, statistics, Greek letter notation, and scientific content.
Render it with Σ, Σ, the named entity Σ, or CSS \03A3. Do not confuse Σ with N-Ary Summation U+2211 (∑, ∑) or lowercase sigma U+03C3 (σ, σ).
⚡ Quick Reference — Sigma
U+03A3Greek and Coptic
ΣHexadecimal reference
ΣDecimal reference
ΣStandard HTML named entity
Name Value
──────────── ──────────
Unicode U+03A3
Hex code Σ
HTML code Σ
Named entity Σ
CSS code \03A3
Official name Greek capital letter sigma
Related U+03C3 = σ (σ lowercase)
U+2211 = ∑ (∑ summation)
Block Greek and Coptic (U+0370–U+03FF)Complete HTML Example
A simple example showing Σ using hexadecimal code, decimal HTML code, the named entity, and a CSS content escape:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
#point::after{
content: "\03A3";
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Sigma (hex): Σ</p>
<p>Sigma (decimal): Σ</p>
<p>Sigma (named): Σ</p>
<p id="point">Sigma (CSS): </p>
</body>
</html>🌐 Browser Support
Greek Capital Sigma (Σ) is widely supported in all modern browsers:
👀 Live Preview
See Greek Capital Sigma in mathematical and scientific contexts:
🧠 How It Works
Hexadecimal Code
Σ uses Unicode hexadecimal 03A3 to display Greek capital sigma.
Decimal HTML Code
Σ uses decimal Unicode value 931 for the same character.
Named Entity
Σ is the standard HTML named entity for U+03A3—readable and widely used in math and science markup.
CSS Entity
\03A3 is used in CSS stylesheets in the content property of pseudo-elements.
Greek letter result
All four methods render Σ. Unicode U+03A3 in Greek and Coptic. Next: Sine Wave.
Use Cases
Greek Capital Sigma (Σ) commonly appears in:
Equations, formulas, and notation using the Greek sigma letter.
Population standard deviation (Σ) and statistical notation.
Tutorials, textbooks, and learning materials on math and Greek letters.
Physics, engineering, and research papers with Greek symbols.
Greek language content, alphabets, and cultural references.
Calculators, STEM tools, and interactive math interfaces.
💡 Best Practices
Do
- Use
Σfor readable HTML source in math content - Use
∑(∑) when you need the summation operator, not the Greek letter - Set
<meta charset="utf-8">for reliable rendering - Distinguish capital Σ from lowercase σ
- Pick one reference style per project for consistency
Don’t
- Use U+01A9 (Ʃ) or decimal 425—that is not Greek sigma
- Confuse Σ with summation ∑ or lowercase σ
- Put CSS escape
\03A3in HTML text nodes - Mix
Σandσwithout meaning to change case - Assume every sigma-shaped symbol is U+03A3
Key Takeaways
Four ways to render U+03A3 in HTML and CSS
Σ ΣNamed entity Σ is the most readable option in HTML markup
Unicode U+03A3 — GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA
For summation notation use ∑ (U+2211), not necessarily Σ
Previous: Short Stroke Overlay (̵) Next: Sine Wave (∿)
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
Σ (hex), Σ (decimal), Σ (named entity), or \03A3 in CSS content. All four render Σ.U+03A3 (GREEK CAPITAL LETTER SIGMA). Greek and Coptic (U+0370–U+03FF). Hex 03A3, decimal 931, named entity Σ.∑. Use ∑ for indexed summation in equations.Σ is Greek capital sigma (U+03A3, Σ). σ is Greek small sigma (U+03C3, σ). They are different characters with different Unicode values.Explore More HTML Entities!
Discover 1500+ HTML character references — Greek letters, math symbols, and more.
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