Midline horizontal ellipsis (⋯) is Unicode U+22EF — a centered three-dot mark used in math series. HTML5 provides ⋯. It is different from the prose ellipsis … (…).
Remember
Character ⋯
Unicode U+22EF
Named entity ⋯
Hex entity ⋯
Decimal ⋯
CSS escape \22EF
Named, hex, decimal, CSS, and a typed character all produce the same glyph: ⋯.
Using Named Entity: ⋯
Using Hex Code: ⋯
Using HTML Code: ⋯
Using CSS Entity: ⋯
Series: 1, 2, 3, ⋯, n
How It Works
1. Named:⋯ is the clearest HTML form and renders ⋯.
2. Hex:U+22EF → ⋯ in HTML. Same result as the named entity.
3. Decimal: same code point as 8943 → ⋯. Same result as hex and named.
4. CSS: use \22EF in content (not an HTML entity). #point::after appends that ⋯ after the paragraph text.
Pitfalls & Tips
Common mistakes when working with this ellipsis.
Prefer
Use ⋯ for math
The named entity is clearer than numeric forms and is defined in HTML5.
vs …
Not the prose ellipsis
… (…) sits for reading text. ⋯ (⋯) is the midline math form.
...
Avoid three periods
Typing ... is not the same Unicode character and may wrap or spacing poorly.
CSS vs HTML
Do not mix escapes
\22EF belongs in CSS. ⋯ / ⋯ / ⋯ belong in HTML.
Encoding
Declare UTF-8
If you type ⋯ directly, keep <meta charset="UTF-8"> so the file is not misread.
Semicolon
End references
Always finish with ; — write ⋯, not &ctdot.
Compatibility
Browser Support
Midline horizontal ellipsis (U+22EF) and its entity forms (⋯, ⋯, ⋯, CSS \\22EF) are supported in all mainstream browsers with a Unicode-capable font.
✓ Universal support
Midline Horizontal Ellipsis (⋯)
Encode with named, hex, decimal, or CSS escape — or type ⋯ directly in UTF-8 HTML.
100%Browser coverage
Google ChromeSupported
Yes
Microsoft EdgeSupported
Yes
Mozilla FirefoxSupported
Yes
Apple SafariSupported
Yes
OperaSupported
Yes
Internet ExplorerIE 9+
Yes*
U+22EF / ⋯Full support
Bottom line: Prefer ⋯ in HTML for math. Use \\22EF only inside CSS content.
Remember
Key Takeaways
Unicode: this ellipsis is U+22EF (decimal 8943).
HTML: prefer ⋯ (also ⋯ / ⋯).
CSS: use \22EF inside content for generated text.
Use case: math series — prose uses … instead.
Use ⋯ (named), ⋯ (hex), ⋯ (decimal), or the CSS escape \22EF in the content property. All render ⋯. Prefer ⋯ in HTML source for math.
U+22EF (MIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS). Hex 22EF, decimal 8943. It belongs to the Mathematical Operators block.
Yes. ⋯ is the HTML5 named entity for ⋯.
Use it for mathematical series and centered omission marks (1, 2, 3, ⋯, n). For everyday prose omissions, prefer … (…).
HTML entities (⋯, ⋯, or ⋯) go in markup. The CSS escape \22EF is used in stylesheets (usually in the content property of ::before/::after). Both render ⋯.
No. ⋯ is the midline math ellipsis (⋯, U+22EF). … is the horizontal ellipsis (…, U+2026) used in prose.
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Did you know?
Midline horizontal ellipsis is Unicode U+22EF (decimal 8943) — in Mathematical Operators. HTML5 provides ⋯. Prefer it for math series (1, 2, 3, ⋯, n). Prose omissions usually use … (…, U+2026).
