HTML Entity for Lowercase C Circumflex (ĉ)

Beginner

5 min read

Updated: Sep 2026

1 example

Unicode U+0109

HTML Entity for lowercase c with circumflex (U+0109) tutorial illustration

Definition

What Is the Lowercase C Circumflex Entity?

Lowercase c circumflex (ĉ) is the Latin Extended-A character at Unicode U+0109 (LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CIRCUMFLEX). It is the letter c with a circumflex (caret) above — used especially in Esperanto for the /tʃ/ sound.

Remember

Character     ĉ
Unicode       U+0109
Named entity  &ccirc;
Hex entity    &#x109;
Decimal       &#265;
CSS escape    \0109
Capital       &Ccirc; (Ĉ)

Named, hex, decimal, CSS, and a typed character all produce the same glyph: ĉ. Prefer &ccirc; in HTML source for clarity.

Reference

Quick Reference

One table for every form you will actually use.

Form	Code	Where it goes
Named entity	`&ccirc;`	HTML markup (best default)
Hex entity	`ĉ`	HTML markup
Decimal entity	`ĉ`	HTML markup
CSS escape	`\0109`	Stylesheet `content`
Direct character	`ĉ`	UTF-8 HTML text

When to Use Which

Situation	Use
Readable HTML source	`&ccirc;`
Numeric entity required	`ĉ` or `ĉ`
Generated text via `::before` / `::after`	`content: "\0109"`
Capital Ĉ	`&Ccirc;` — see Uppercase C Circumflex
C with cedilla ç	See Lowercase C Cedilla (`ç`)

See it

Live Preview

Lowercase c circumflex in Esperanto and comparison contexts.

Esperanto sample ĉar

Large glyph ĉ

Named entity &ccirc; → ĉ

vs c / Ĉ / ç ĉ | c | Ĉ | ç

With entities Named: ĉ | Hex: ĉ | Decimal: ĉ

Code

Complete HTML Example

One page that shows this character with named, hex, decimal, and CSS forms. Use View Output or open the live editor.

Named + Hex + Decimal + CSS

Four ways to produce ĉ in a single document.

html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Lowercase C Circumflex (&ccirc;)</title>
  <style>
    #point::after {
      content: "\0109";
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <p>Using Named Entity: &ccirc;</p>
  <p>Using Hex Code: &#x109;</p>
  <p>Using HTML Code: &#265;</p>
  <p id="point">Using CSS Entity: </p>
  <p lang="eo">Esperanto: &ccirc;ar</p>
</body>
</html>

Try It Yourself

How It Works

1. Named: &ccirc; is the clearest HTML form and renders ĉ.

2. Hex: U+0109 → ĉ in HTML. Same result as the named entity.

3. Decimal: same code point as 265 → ĉ. Same result as hex.

4. CSS: use \0109 in content (not an HTML entity). #point::after appends that ĉ after the paragraph text.

Pitfalls & Tips

Common mistakes when working with lowercase c circumflex.

Case

`&ccirc;` ≠ `&Ccirc;`

Named entities are case-sensitive. Lowercase is ĉ; uppercase is Ĉ.

Look-alikes

Not plain `c` or cedilla

Do not substitute ASCII c or c cedilla (ç) when Esperanto spelling requires the circumflex.

Compose

Prefer precomposed

Use &ccirc; instead of stacking combining circumflex on c when the precomposed form exists.

CSS vs HTML

Do not mix escapes

\0109 belongs in CSS. &ccirc; / ĉ / ĉ belong in HTML.

Encoding

Declare UTF-8

If you type ĉ directly, keep <meta charset="UTF-8"> so the file is not misread.

Semicolon

End references

Always finish with ; — write &ccirc;, not &ccirc.

Compatibility

Browser Support

Lowercase c circumflex (U+0109) and its entity forms (&ccirc;, ĉ, ĉ, CSS \\0109) are supported in all modern browsers.

✓ Universal encoding

Lowercase C Circumflex (&ccirc;)

Encode with named, hex, decimal, or CSS escape — or type ĉ directly in UTF-8 HTML.

100% Browser coverage

Google Chrome Supported

Yes

Microsoft Edge Supported

Yes

Mozilla Firefox Supported

Yes

Apple Safari Supported

Yes

Opera Supported

Yes

Internet Explorer IE 9+

Yes*

U+0109 Full support

Bottom line: Prefer &ccirc; for readable HTML. Use \\0109 only inside CSS content.

Remember

Key Takeaways

Unicode: this character is U+0109 (decimal 265).
HTML: prefer &ccirc; — or use ĉ / ĉ.
CSS: use \0109 inside content for generated text.
Watch out: &ccirc; ≠ &Ccirc; ≠ plain c ≠ cedilla ç.

One line: U+0109 → &ccirc; / ĉ / ĉ / CSS \0109.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I display lowercase c circumflex (ĉ) in HTML using entities?

Use &ccirc; (named), ĉ (hex), ĉ (decimal), or the CSS escape \0109 in the content property. All render ĉ. Prefer &ccirc; in HTML source.

What is the Unicode value for lowercase c circumflex?

U+0109 (LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CIRCUMFLEX). Hex 109, decimal 265. It belongs to Latin Extended-A (U+0100–U+017F).

Is there a named HTML entity for U+0109?

Yes. &ccirc; is the HTML5 named entity for ĉ. The capital form is &Ccirc; (Ĉ, U+0108) — names are case-sensitive.

When should I use this HTML entity?

Use it for Esperanto and other linguistic content that needs ĉ, multilingual sites, and correct spelling of names and words with c circumflex.

What is the difference between HTML code and CSS entity for U+0109?

HTML entities (&ccirc;, ĉ, or ĉ) go in markup. The CSS escape \0109 is used in stylesheets (usually in the content property of ::before/::after). Both render ĉ.

Is ĉ the same as c or ç?

No. Plain c is U+0063. C cedilla ç is U+00E7 (ç). C circumflex ĉ is U+0109 — a caret above the letter, used in Esperanto.

Did you know?

Lowercase c circumflex is Unicode U+0109 (decimal 265) — LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CIRCUMFLEX in Latin Extended-A. HTML5 provides &ccirc; — the most readable form. Capital is &Ccirc; (Ĉ, U+0108). Essential in Esperanto (ĉar, ĉi, ĉambro) for the /tʃ/ sound. Not the same as plain c or c cedilla (ç).

Next: Lowercase C Curl

Learn the HTML entity for Lowercase C Curl — next in this sequence.

Continue tutorial →

About the author

Mari Selvan M P 🔗

Developer, cloud engineer, and technical writer

Experience 12 years building web and cloud systems
Focus Full Stack Development, AWS, and Developer Education

I write practical tutorials so students and working developers can learn by doing—from databases and APIs to deployment on AWS.

AWS Certified Developer – Associate (Credly)

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