HTML Entity for Double Struck Small Pi (ℼ)

Beginner
⏱️ 5 min read
📚 Updated: Jun 2026
🎯 1 Code Example
Unicode U+213C
HTML entity for Double Struck Small Pi (U+213C) tutorial illustration

What You'll Learn

How to display the Double Struck Small Pi (ℼ) in HTML using hexadecimal, decimal, and CSS escape methods. This character is U+213C (DOUBLE-STRUCK SMALL PI) in the Letterlike Symbols block (U+2100–U+214F)—the open-face (double-struck) form of Greek small pi used in mathematics and set theory.

Render it with ℼ, ℼ, or CSS escape \213C. There is no named HTML entity for U+213C. For regular (non-double-struck) small pi use π or π (π). For capital double-struck Pi see U+213F (ℿ). See also math entities.

⚡ Quick Reference — Double Struck Small Pi

Unicode U+213C

Letterlike Symbols block

Hex Code ℼ

Hexadecimal reference

HTML Code ℼ

Decimal reference

Named Entity —

Not available for U+213C

Reference Table
Name           Value
────────────   ──────────
Unicode        U+213C
Hex code       ℼ
HTML code      ℼ
Named entity   —
CSS code       \213C
Related        U+03C0 = Small pi (π); U+213F = Capital (ℿ)
1

Complete HTML Example

This example demonstrates the Double Struck Small Pi (ℼ) using hexadecimal code, decimal HTML code, and a CSS content escape. There is no named HTML entity:

html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
 <style>
  #point:after{
   content: "\213C";
  }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Double Struck Small Pi using Hexadecimal: &#x213C;</p>
<p>Double Struck Small Pi using HTML Code: &#8508;</p>
<p id="point">Double Struck Small Pi using CSS Entity: </p>
</body>
</html>
Try it Yourself

🌐 Browser Support

U+213C is widely supported in modern browsers when rendered with a font that includes Letterlike Symbols:

Chrome 1+
Firefox 1+
Safari 1+
Edge 12+
Opera 4+
Android 4.4+
iOS Safari 1+

👀 Live Preview

See the Double Struck Small Pi (ℼ) in mathematical notation:

Large glyph ℼ
vs regular pi ℼ double-struck   π regular
vs capital double-struck ℼ small   ℿ capital
Named vs numeric &pi; → π   &#x213C; → ℼ
Monospace refs &#x213C; &#8508; \213C

🧠 How It Works

1

Hexadecimal Code

&#x213C; uses the Unicode hexadecimal value 213C to display the Double Struck Small Pi. The x prefix indicates hexadecimal format.

HTML markup
2

Decimal HTML Code

&#8508; uses the decimal Unicode value 8508 to display the same character.

HTML markup
3

CSS Entity

\213C is used in CSS stylesheets, particularly in the content property of pseudo-elements like ::before and ::after.

CSS stylesheet
=

Same visual result

All three methods produce: ℼ. Unicode U+213C. Regular small pi is &pi; (π, U+03C0). Capital double-struck is U+213F (ℿ). No named entity for U+213C.

✅

Use Cases

The Double Struck Small Pi (ℼ) commonly appears in:

📐 Set theory & math

Notation for sets, variables, or product operators that use the double-struck small pi in mathematical expressions.

🔬 Product notation

Mathematical product notation where ℼ denotes a product operator or variable in double-struck style, distinct from the constant π.

📚 Academic publishing

Textbooks, papers, and course materials requiring letterlike math symbols in HTML.

💻 Math on the web

Equation editors and math rendering alongside other double-struck Greek letters.

📖 Unicode references

Entity lists and guides for Letterlike Symbols (U+2100–U+214F).

♿ Accessibility

Use math-capable fonts so ℼ renders clearly for all readers.

💡 Best Practices

Do

  • Use &#x213C; or &#8508; for ℼ
  • Use math fonts (Cambria Math, STIX Two Math) for reliable rendering
  • Distinguish ℼ (double-struck) from π (&pi;, regular)
  • Distinguish small ℼ from capital double-struck ℿ (U+213F)
  • Use \213C only inside CSS content
  • Keep entity style consistent across the document

Don’t

  • Assume a named entity exists for U+213C—it does not
  • Use &pi; when you need regular π, not double-struck ℼ
  • Put CSS escape \213C in HTML text nodes
  • Forget UTF-8 (<meta charset="utf-8">) on math pages
  • Assume every font includes Letterlike Symbols

Key Takeaways

1

No named entity—use numeric references

&#x213C; &#8508;
2

For CSS stylesheets, use the escape in the content property

\213C
3

Unicode U+213C DOUBLE-STRUCK SMALL PI

4

Regular π: U+03C0 via &pi; or &#x03C0;

5

Three methods, one glyph — widely supported in modern browsers

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

Use &#x213C; (hex), &#8508; (decimal), or \213C in CSS content. All produce ℼ. There is no named HTML entity for U+213C.
U+213C (DOUBLE-STRUCK SMALL PI). Letterlike Symbols block (U+2100–U+214F). Hex 213C, decimal 8508. Double-struck form of Greek small pi.
When you need the double-struck small pi in mathematical content: set theory, product notation, expressions, academic papers, or any context where this letterlike symbol is required (distinct from the constant π).
HTML numeric references (&#8508; or &#x213C;) go in markup. The CSS escape \213C is used in stylesheets, typically in the content property of pseudo-elements.
Only some Letterlike Symbols have named entities (e.g. &ii;, &dd;). U+213C does not. Use &#x213C;, &#8508;, or \213C. For regular small pi use &pi; (U+03C0, π).

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About the author

Mari Selvan M P
Mari Selvan M P 🔗

Developer, cloud engineer, and technical writer

  • Experience 12 years building web and cloud systems
  • Focus Full Stack Development, AWS, and Developer Education

I write practical tutorials so students and working developers can learn by doing—from databases and APIs to deployment on AWS.

AWS Certified Developer – Associate (Credly)

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