Combining comma above (U+0313) is a combining mark in the Combining Diacritical Marks block. It does not stand alone like a normal letter — it stacks above the character that comes before it. Example: a + ̓ renders as a̓. In Greek orthography it is often called psili (smooth breathing).
Remember
Character combining comma above (after a base)
Unicode U+0313
Hex entity ̓
Decimal ̓
CSS escape \0313
Named entity (none for U+0313)
Example a̓ → a̓
Not the same , U+002C · reversed U+0314
Prefer a precomposed Greek letter when one exists for the combination you need. Use U+0313 when composing accents dynamically, for NFD text, or bases without a precomposed form.
Comma above using Hex Code: a̓
Comma above using HTML Code: a̓
Comma above using CSS Entity: a̓
Typed directly: a̓
How It Works
1. Hex: write the base letter, then ̓ → a̓ becomes a̓.
2. Decimal: same mark as 787 → a̓. Same result as hex.
3. CSS: put base + escape in one string: content: "a\0313". #point::after appends that sequence after the paragraph text.
4. Typed: in UTF-8 you can type a then the combining comma above. Order must stay base first, mark second.
Pitfalls & Tips
Common mistakes when working with combining comma above.
Order
Base letter first
Write a̓, never put U+0313 before the letter you want to accent.
Named?
No named entity for U+0313
Use numeric forms. , is for spacing , (U+002C), not this combining mark.
0313 vs 0314
Not the reversed form
U+0313 is comma above (psili). U+0314 is comma above reversed (often dasia). Pick the code point that matches the mark you need.
CSS vs HTML
Do not mix escapes
\0313 belongs in CSS strings. ̓ / ̓ belong in HTML.
Fonts
Combining support varies
Some fonts stack poorly. If layout looks wrong, prefer a precomposed Greek letter for display text.
Semicolon
End references
Always finish with ; — write ̓, not ̓.
Compatibility
Browser Support
Combining comma above (U+0313) and its numeric entity forms (̓, ̓, CSS \\0313) are supported in all mainstream browsers. Stacking quality depends on font support for combining marks.
✓ Universal support
Comma Above (U+0313)
Encode with hex, decimal, or CSS escape after a base letter — same combining mark everywhere encoding is supported.
100%Browser coverage
Google ChromeSupported
Yes
Microsoft EdgeSupported
Yes
Mozilla FirefoxSupported
Yes
Apple SafariSupported
Yes
OperaSupported
Yes
Internet ExplorerAll versions
Yes
U+0313 / entitiesFull support
Bottom line: Prefer precomposed Greek letters when you can. Use ̓ or ̓ after a base letter when you need the combining mark, and \\0313 only inside CSS content strings.
Remember
Key Takeaways
Unicode: combining comma above is U+0313 (decimal 787).
HTML: base first, then ̓ or ̓ (e.g. a̓).
CSS: use "a\0313" (or another base) inside content.
One line:U+0313 → after a base letter as ̓ / ̓ / CSS \0313.
Frequently Asked Questions
Place ̓ (hex) or ̓ (decimal) immediately after a base letter — for example a̓. In CSS, use content: "a\0313". There is no named HTML entity for U+0313.
U+0313 (hex 0313, decimal 787). It belongs to the Combining Diacritical Marks block and stacks above the preceding base character. In Greek orthography it is known as psili (smooth breathing).
No. Use numeric references like ̓ or ̓. Do not confuse it with , (ASCII ,, U+002C).
Use it for Greek smooth breathing / linguistic transcription when composing accents. Prefer precomposed Greek letters when a single code point exists for the combination you need.
HTML entities (̓ or ̓) go in markup after the base letter. The CSS escape \0313 goes in stylesheet strings (usually content on ::before/::after), typically as "a\0313".
U+0313 is a combining mark above the base. , (U+002C) is a spacing comma. U+0314 is combining comma above reversed (often Greek dasia / rough breathing).
🤔
Did you know?
Combining comma above is Unicode U+0313 (decimal 787). It is a combining mark — place it after a base letter (e.g. a̓ → a̓). In Greek, it is often called psili (smooth breathing). HTML5 has no named entity. It is not the ASCII comma , (U+002C).
