Combining circumflex accent below (U+032D) is a combining mark in the Combining Diacritical Marks block. It does not stand alone like a normal letter — it stacks below the character that comes before it. Example: a + ̭ renders as a̭.
Remember
Character combining circumflex below (after a base)
Unicode U+032D
Hex entity ̭
Decimal ̭
CSS escape \032D
Named entity (none for U+032D)
Example a̭ → a̭
Not the same U+0302 (above) · ˆ U+02C6 (ˆ)
Use U+032D mainly for phonetic / IPA-style transcription when a circumflex must sit under a letter. For everyday French or Portuguese accents above letters (â, ê, î…), prefer precomposed forms or combining U+0302 — not this mark.
Circumflex below using Hex Code: a̭
Circumflex below using HTML Code: a̭
Circumflex below using CSS Entity: a̭
Typed directly: a̭
How It Works
1. Hex: write the base letter, then ̭ → a̭ becomes a̭.
2. Decimal: same mark as 813 → a̭. Same result as hex.
3. CSS: put base + escape in one string: content: "a\032D". #point::after appends that sequence after the paragraph text.
4. Typed: in UTF-8 you can type a then the combining circumflex below. Order must stay base first, mark second.
Pitfalls & Tips
Common mistakes when working with combining circumflex below.
Order
Base letter first
Write a̭, never put U+032D before the letter you want to accent.
Above?
Not the same as U+0302
U+0302 places the circumflex above. U+032D places it below. Pick the code point that matches the position you need.
Named?
No named entity for U+032D
Use numeric forms. ˆ is for spacing ˆ (U+02C6), not this combining mark.
CSS vs HTML
Do not mix escapes
\032D belongs in CSS strings. ̭ / ̭ belong in HTML.
Fonts
Combining support varies
Some fonts stack poorly under the base. If layout looks wrong, try a font with strong diacritic support.
Semicolon
End references
Always finish with ; — write ̭, not ̭.
Compatibility
Browser Support
Combining circumflex below (U+032D) and its numeric entity forms (̭, ̭, CSS \\032D) are supported in all mainstream browsers. Stacking quality depends on font support for combining marks.
✓ Universal support
Circumflex Accent Below (U+032D)
Encode with hex, decimal, or CSS escape after a base letter — same combining mark everywhere encoding is supported.
100%Browser coverage
Google ChromeSupported
Yes
Microsoft EdgeSupported
Yes
Mozilla FirefoxSupported
Yes
Apple SafariSupported
Yes
OperaSupported
Yes
Internet ExplorerAll versions
Yes
U+032D / entitiesFull support
Bottom line: Use ̭ or ̭ after a base letter when you need the mark below, and \\032D only inside CSS content strings. Prefer U+0302 or precomposed letters for accents above.
Remember
Key Takeaways
Unicode: combining circumflex below is U+032D (decimal 813).
HTML: base first, then ̭ or ̭ (e.g. a̭).
CSS: use "a\032D" (or another base) inside content.
Position: U+032D is below; U+0302 is above — do not mix them up.
One line:U+032D → after a base letter as ̭ / ̭ / CSS \032D.
Frequently Asked Questions
Place ̭ (hex) or ̭ (decimal) immediately after a base letter — for example a̭. In CSS, use content: "a\032D". There is no named HTML entity for U+032D.
U+032D (hex 032D, decimal 813). It belongs to the Combining Diacritical Marks block and stacks below the preceding base character.
No. Use numeric references like ̭ or ̭. Do not confuse it with ˆ (spacing circumflex ˆ, U+02C6) or combining circumflex above (U+0302).
Use it for phonetic / IPA-style transcription and other cases that need a circumflex under a letter. Everyday French/Portuguese â, ê, etc. use precomposed letters or combining U+0302 above — not U+032D.
HTML entities (̭ or ̭) go in markup after the base letter. The CSS escape \032D goes in stylesheet strings (usually content on ::before/::after), typically as "a\032D".
Both are combining marks that follow a base letter. U+0302 places a circumflex above the letter; U+032D places it below. They are not interchangeable.
🤔
Did you know?
Combining circumflex accent below is Unicode U+032D (decimal 813). It is a combining mark — place it after a base letter (e.g. a̭ → a̭). It sits under the base, unlike U+0302 which sits above. HTML5 has no named entity for U+032D.
