HTML Entity for Lowercase Roman Numeral Four (ⅳ)

Beginner
6 min read
Updated: Sep 2026
1 example
Unicode U+2173

What Is the Lowercase Roman Numeral Four Entity?

Lowercase Roman Numeral Four (ⅳ) is the Unicode character at U+2173 in the Number Forms block. It looks like a small roman iv and is used for outlines, chapter labels, and formal numbering.

Remember
Character     ⅳ
Unicode       U+2173
Hex entity    ⅳ
Decimal       ⅳ
CSS escape    \2173
Named entity  (none)

All of these produce the same glyph: ⅳ. Prefer the Unicode character (or its entities) when you need a true roman numeral; type the letters iv when you only need ordinary text.

Quick Reference

One table for every form you will actually use.

FormCodeWhere it goes
Direct characterⅳHTML text (UTF-8)
Hex entityⅳHTML markup
Decimal entityⅳHTML markup
CSS escape\2173Stylesheet content
Named entity—Not defined in HTML5

When to use which

SituationUse
Need the roman numeral glyph ⅳType ⅳ, or ⅳ / ⅳ
Generated text via ::before / ::aftercontent: "\2173"
Uppercase roman numeral fourUse Ⅳ (U+2163)
Ordinary letters iv (not a numeral)Type iv
Looking for &romaniv; or similarDoes not exist — use numeric form

Live Preview

Lowercase Roman Numeral Four rendered in common writing contexts.

Inline text ⅳ. Index
Large glyph ⅳ
Outline ⅱ Two   ⅲ Three   ⅳ Four
Monospace section ⅳ → notes
With entities Hex: ⅳ | Decimal: ⅳ

Complete HTML Example

One page that shows Lowercase Roman Numeral Four with the hex entity, decimal entity, CSS escape, and a typed character. Use View Output or open the live editor.

Hex + Decimal + CSS + Typed

All four ways to produce ⅳ in a single document.

html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Lowercase Roman Numeral Four (ⅳ) in HTML</title>
  <style>
    #point::after {
      content: "\2173";
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <p>Lowercase Roman 4 using Hex Code: &#x2173;</p>
  <p>Lowercase Roman 4 using HTML Code: &#8563;</p>
  <p id="point">Lowercase Roman 4 using CSS Entity: </p>
  <p>Typed directly: ⅳ</p>
</body>
</html>
Try It Yourself

How It Works

1. Hex: U+2173 → &#x2173; in HTML. The browser turns it into ⅳ.

2. Decimal: same code point as 8563 → &#8563;. Same result as hex.

3. CSS: use \2173 in content (not an HTML entity). #point::after appends that ⅳ after the paragraph text.

4. Typed ⅳ: fine in UTF-8 pages. All four lines show the same roman numeral.

Pitfalls & Tips

Common mistakes when working with Lowercase Roman Numeral Four entities.

Named?

No named entity

HTML5 does not define &romaniv; or similar. Use numeric forms.

CSS vs HTML

Do not mix escapes

\2173 belongs in CSS. &#x2173; / &#8563; belong in HTML.

ⅳ vs iv vs Ⅳ

Different characters

ⅳ is U+2173; letters iv are Basic Latin; uppercase Ⅳ is U+2163.

Fonts

Check the glyph

Number Forms support varies by font. If ⅳ is missing, fall back to iv or another font.

Semicolon

End references

Always finish with ; — write &#8563;, not &#8563.

Lists

CSS list-style

For auto-numbered roman lists, prefer list-style-type: lower-roman instead of hard-coding ⅳ.

Browser Support

Lowercase Roman Numeral Four (U+2173) and its numeric entity forms (&#x2173;, &#8563;, CSS \\2173) are supported in all mainstream browsers. Glyph shape depends on the font.

✓ Universal support

Lowercase Roman 4 (ⅳ)

Encode with hex, decimal, or CSS escape — or paste ⅳ in UTF-8 HTML.

100% Browser coverage
Google Chrome Supported
Yes
Microsoft Edge Supported
Yes
Mozilla Firefox Supported
Yes
Apple Safari Supported
Yes
Opera Supported
Yes
Internet Explorer All versions
Yes
U+2173 / entities Full support

Bottom line: Use &#x2173; or &#8563; for the Unicode glyph, and \\2173 only inside CSS content. Prefer the letters iv for ordinary text.

Key Takeaways

  • Unicode: Lowercase Roman Numeral Four is U+2173 (decimal 8563).
  • HTML: use &#x2173; or &#8563; when you need an entity.
  • CSS: use \2173 inside content for generated text.
  • Default: use ⅳ for roman outlines; type iv for ordinary letters.

One line: U+2173 → &#x2173; / &#8563; / CSS \2173, or paste ⅳ.

Frequently Asked Questions

Use &#x2173; (hex), &#8563; (decimal), or the CSS escape \2173 in the content property. All render ⅳ. You can also paste ⅳ directly when your file is UTF-8.
U+2173 (hex 2173, decimal 8563). It belongs to the Number Forms Unicode block.
No. HTML5 does not define a named entity for ⅳ. Use numeric references like &#x2173; or &#8563;.
Use it for outline labels, chapter markers, and typography that needs a true lowercase roman numeral glyph. For ordinary text, typing iv is usually enough.
No. The Latin letters i and v are separate Basic Latin characters. Uppercase roman numeral four is U+2163 (Ⅳ). Lowercase roman numeral four is U+2173 (ⅳ) — a different character.
HTML entities (&#8563; or &#x2173;) go in markup. The CSS escape \2173 is used in stylesheets (usually in the content property of ::before/::after). Both render ⅳ.

Did you know?

Lowercase roman numeral four is Unicode U+2173 (decimal 8563). HTML5 has no named entity for it — use &#x2173; or &#8563;. It is a different character from the letters iv and from uppercase roman Ⅳ (U+2163).

Next: 4 Roman

Learn the HTML entity for uppercase roman numeral four (Ⅳ) — a different character from ⅳ.

4 Roman tutorial →

About the author

Mari Selvan M P
Mari Selvan M P 🔗

Developer, cloud engineer, and technical writer

  • Experience 12 years building web and cloud systems
  • Focus Full Stack Development, AWS, and Developer Education

I write practical tutorials so students and working developers can learn by doing—from databases and APIs to deployment on AWS.

8 people found this page helpful