CSS Basic
CSS #id Selector
Photo Credit to CodeToFun
π Introduction
The CSS #id
selector is used to style an element based on its unique id
attribute. IDs are meant to be unique within a webpage, and this selector allows you to target a specific element by its id
value. This provides a precise way to apply styles to a single element, distinguishing it from other elements in the document.
π‘ Syntax
The signature of the #id
Selector is as follows:
#elementID {
/* CSS properties */
}
#elementID
refers to theid
of the HTML element you want to style.- In CSS, the
id
selector is prefixed with a#
followed by theid
name.
π Example
Here is an example of how to use the CSS #id
selector:
β οΈ HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>CSS #id Selector Example</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="main-title">Welcome to My Blog</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph about the blog.</p>
<p id="highlight">This paragraph is uniquely styled.</p>
</body>
</html>
π¨ CSS
/* Styling the element with id "main-title" */
#main-title {
font-size: 36px;
color: darkblue;
text-align: center;
}
/* Styling the element with id "highlight" */
#highlight {
background-color: yellow;
font-weight: bold;
}
In this example:
- The
<h1>
element with theid="main-title"
is styled with a larger font size, dark blue color, and centered alignment. - The
<p>
element withid="highlight"
is styled with a yellow background and bold font.
π¬ Usage Tips
- Uniqueness: An
id
should be unique within a document. Do not assign the sameid
to multiple elements as it can cause unpredictable results. - Specificity: The
#id
selector has a higher specificity compared to class selectors (.class
). It overrides styles applied by less specific selectors like element selectors (element
) or class selectors (.class
). - Avoid overusing id: It's best to reserve the
id
selector for elements that require unique styles or behaviors, like#header
or#footer
. For reusable styles, use classes (.class
).
β οΈ Common Pitfalls
- Multiple elements with the same id: The
id
must be unique in an HTML document. If more than one element shares the sameid
, browsers may not apply styles correctly. - Over-relying on id: While the
#id
selector is powerful, relying too much on it can reduce flexibility in your CSS. For styles that may apply to multiple elements, prefer using classes. - Specificity issues: Since
#id
has high specificity, it can sometimes conflict with other styles, especially if you are using complex CSS rules. Be mindful of this to avoid unexpected behavior.
π Conclusion
The CSS #id
selector is an essential tool for targeting and styling unique elements on a webpage. While itβs powerful due to its high specificity, it should be used with care to maintain clean, maintainable CSS.
By understanding how to use the #id
selector effectively, you can create precise and impactful styles for specific elements on your page.
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