HTML Code

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>p.note vs p .note</title>
  <style>
    body {
      font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
      margin: 16px;
      color: #0f172a;
    }

    /* Compound: the p itself has class note */
    p.note {
      background: #dbeafe;
    }

    /*
    Descendant: a .note nested inside a p
    p .note {
      background: #dcfce7;
    }
    */
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <p class="note">p.note (compound match)</p>
  <p>
    Outer p
    <span class="note">nested .note (descendant match)</span>
  </p>
</body>
</html>

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CSS element.class vs descendant space