CSS Basic
CSS [attribute$=value] Selector
Photo Credit to CodeToFun
π Introduction
The [attribute$=value]
selector in CSS is an attribute selector that targets elements based on their attributes. Specifically, it selects elements whose specified attribute ends with a given value.
This selector is particularly useful for styling elements dynamically based on their attribute values, making it a powerful tool for web design.
π‘ Syntax
The signature of the [attribute$=value]
Selector is as follows:
[attribute$="value"] {
/* CSS properties */
}
In this syntax, attribute
is the name of the attribute you want to select, and value
is the string that the attribute's value should end with.
π Example
Here is an example of how to use the [attribute$=value]
selector in CSS:
β οΈ HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>CSS [attribute$=value] Selector Example</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<li><a href="about.html">About Us</a></li>
<li><a href="contact.html">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="services.html">Our Services</a></li>
<li><a href="portfolio.html">Portfolio</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
π¨ CSS
/* Style for links that end with .html */
a[href$=".html"] {
color: blue;
font-weight: bold;
}
/* Style for links that end with .html and have a specific background */
a[href$=".html"]:hover {
background-color: #e0e0e0;
}
In this example:
- All links (
<a>
) that end with.html
are styled with a blue color and bold text. - On hover, these links change their background color, providing interactive feedback.
π¬ Usage Tips
- The
[attribute$=value]
selector is case-sensitive, meaning that it distinguishes between uppercase and lowercase letters. Make sure to use the correct casing when applying styles. - Combine this selector with other selectors to refine your targeting. For example, you can apply styles to only
<a>
tags that end with.html
usinga[href$=".html"]
.
β οΈ Common Pitfalls
- Be cautious when using this selector in performance-sensitive situations, as attribute selectors can be slower than class or ID selectors due to their more complex matching process.
- Ensure that the attribute you are targeting exists on the element; otherwise, the styles will not be applied.
π Conclusion
The [attribute$=value]
selector is a versatile and powerful feature in CSS that allows for dynamic styling based on attribute values. By utilizing this selector, you can create more responsive and visually appealing web pages, enhancing the overall user experience.
Whether you're styling links, buttons, or other elements, this selector can help you achieve precise and effective results.
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